Types of Oil Ferries:

• Double-hull tankers have an inner and an outer hull layer. This reduces the likelihood of leaks in the event of collisions, ensuring greater environmental safety.

• Single-hull tankers have only one hull layer and are considered less safe, but are still used in some situations.

• Stainless steel hull tankers offer greater resistance to corrosion, which is especially important when transporting aggressive chemicals.

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Classification by Size:

• Deadweight tonnage (DWT) measures the vessel's total carrying capacity, including cargo, crew and stores.

• Deadweight tonnage (DWT) measures the amount of liquid cargo (oil) and dry cargo (other items) that the vessel can carry, excluding the weight of the empty vessel.

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Routes and Commerce:

• Oil ferry routes are determined by the geography of oil-producing and oil-consuming regions.

• Regions such as the Middle East, Russia and North America are common origin and destination points for transportation routes.

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Safety and Environmental Protection:

• International regulations, such as the International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships (MARPOL), set strict standards to prevent pollution from oil and other pollutants.

• New technologies and practices, such as water and oil separation systems, are being adopted to improve efficiency in pollutant containment.

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Environmental Challenges:

• Oil spills can cause lasting damage to the marine ecosystem, affecting fauna, flora and the local economy.

• Rapid response to spills is essential, involving measures such as containment barriers, chemical dispersants and oil collection.

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Technological evolution:

• Monitoring and automation systems allow for more precise control of operations and early identification of problems.

• Double-layer hulls provide an extra barrier of protection against leaks.

• Spill prevention devices, such as automatic valves, minimize the risk of accidental spills.